I would like to present a history of Malaysia, formerly known as Tanah Melayu. It's fascinating that the legends states that the Sultans descended from Indo Greeks, which makes us Indo Europeans! Even the Bahasa have Greek words ... such as kepala κεφάλι (which is cephalus in science). And tanah, is like tin טִין طين in Arabic Hebrew, stan of Uzbekistan, and stein in German.
So how did that happened?
10th century BC
OK let's start with the 10th century BC. The grand era of King David of Mount Moriah. After his son Solomon succeeded him, the Bible states he sent ships to Ophir, the land of gold. Interestingly, that's the name of Gunung Ledang [map | map]. The land is known as the Golden Chersonese. So did ships from Solomon reached here from Aqaba to Aden to Ophir (or Gunung Ledang)? [map]
Then after Solomon passed away, the empire divided into Israel and Judah. Eventually they fell, and Israel was exiled by the Assyrians, they disappeared as the Lost Tribes. While Judah was exiled by the Babylonians, it is known that the Jews went to Persia - as Queen Esther married the King of Persia (celebrated in Purim). Then Cyrus of Persia rebuilt the Jerusalem Temple, in which the Jews returned from exile. 📜 Tanakh . Ezekiel REF לעם
HaMoriah - HiMalaya - Malaya
So the Israelite did went East, notably Persia. 📜 श्रुति स्मृति REF . 五經4th century BC
Then Alexander of Macedon spread the empire, ushering the Hellenized Era. He reached North India, and came to a peace treaty with the Mauriya. As Alexander promoted mix marriages, so they eventually became Indo Greeks. Then, Ashoka Mauriya embraced Buddhism and spread it across the land. As the Indo Greeks embraced it, the land became Greco Buddhist - which is Buddhism in the Hellenized Era. 📜 Kandahar Edict in Greek, Aramaic WIKI
This era also saw in Jerusalem - Judaism in the Hellenized Era. So are they similar? For example Mount Meru and Mount Moriah, Deva and David, anahata and Magen David. Were they the Lost Tribes of Israel, brothers of the Jews of Judah? | DNA 📜 Segtuagint
New Millenium
Then Christ came to the Holy Land. And the Wise Men of the East visited him. So who are they, why are they from the East, why would they visit Christ? 📜 Bible . Talmud REF
Anyway, this era also saw the rise of Western Rome and Eastern Persia, meeting each other in Jerusalem. And this is where we will start the story of the Sultans being Indo Greeks. This era saw Merong Mahawangsa, on his way from Rome to China. His ship crashed in Kedah, where he founded Langkasuka. As the name seems like Ashoka, was he Indo Greek of Macedon Mauriya. And Langkasuka is known for its iron smelting industry - which is similar to the ones in North India. So was there trade relations between Langkasuka and North India, through the ancient maritime Silk Road?
Then Langkasuka and Tanah Merah form Srivijaya. And the empire spreads south to Palembang and became the centre of Buddhism. There was Yijing MAP MAP who translated Buddhist texts into Chinese. So was Palembang a Buddhist city, with Greco Buddhism roots from North India | Sanskrit 📜 त्रिपिटक
7th century
Then Muhammad came to Arabia. Eventually the Umayyad reached Rome, while the Abbasid reached Persia. And the Abbasid built the House of Wisdom, a grand library for scholars translating scriptures from the East and the West. This is where Khawarizmi taught algebra, in which "algorithm" is based from his name. Farther East, Bukhara rose as well, with Avicenna and his Canon of Medicine. This was the Golden Age of Islam, where scholars flourished | House of Wisdom
13th century
But then came the Black Banner of the Mongols, they ran a conquest and fell the Abbassid. The House of Wisdom was destroyed, sending shockwaves across the Islamic world.
And it was during the Mongol conquest, that another Indo Greek came to Palembang. He was Sang Sapurba, who became the ancestor of the Malay Sultans - from Nila Utama of Temasik (Singapore) and Iskandar Shah of Malacca. He brought with him Cura Si Manjakini, said to be from Mandakini in North India [map] - which is currently a regalia of the Sultan of Perak. So perhaps he came from North India to Palembang.
Then fascinatingly, the Mongols embraced Islam, and a new era dawned. They spread Islam across the East and West. From Crimea in Europe, to the Ilkhan of Persia, to Central Asia to Mughal of India to China. They built observatories such as in Maragheh and Samarkand. Their legacies were covered in Jami' Al Tawarikh REF by Rashid Al Din, a Jewish Muslim in Persia.
The Mongols also elected Shams Al Din of Bukhara as governor in Yunan, who attracted people to Islam. After the Ming replaced the Yuan, Islam shines in China. Zheng He, a descendant of Shams Al Din, became its most famous admiral of the 15th century.
Under the Ming, Zheng He and his compatriots safeguarded Nusantara, which eventually spread Islam.
15th century
When the Sultan of Malacca embraced Islam, Malacca became the center of Islam. In its golden era, Sultan Mansur Shah welcomed scholars and translated knowledge into Malay. So did the scholars and scriptures came from the Persianized Mongol Empire? He also married Han Li Po, whose entourage settled at Bukit Cina. So did people from across Persia to China converged in Malacca and rebuilt scholarship?
OK so that's the history until the 15th century. After that, the land was colonized by Europeans until 1957.
Anyway, if only we can cherish the ancient legacy, it's really a khazanah of ancient cultures - from Greeks to Persia to the Himalayas to the Far East. It's in our history, language, food. And most of all the question remains, is our Sanskrit Hebrew Arabic the legacies of the Lost Tribes of Israel? وواعدناكم جانب الطور الأيمن | Q20:80
From Moriah to Mauriya. OK Everest, bye! .:✨:. Ashura
? Q7:160 | اثنتا عشرة عينا
موسى إنه كان مخلصا
وناديناه من جانب الطور ...
الأيمن وقربناه نجيا
KHALSA قدس קודש
 Suri |  Millenium BC |  Central Asian |  Ming |  43 |
